This Policy Brief was developed and published for distribution at the Krasnoyarsk Regional Public Hearing “AIDS and Drug Addiction: Myths, Reality and Actions”, held in Krasnoyarsk on July 4, 2005. This publication provides an overview of the current HIV/AIDS epidemic and its social and economic consequences in Krasnoyarsk Kray, and includes recommendations on HIV/AIDS policy priorities and measures to effectively address the epidemic and the related issue of illicit drug use. The Policy Brief was produced as part of the GLOBUS project and developed collaboratively by TPAA and Krasnoyarsk Regional Center for Prevention and Fight Against AIDS and STDs under the auspices of the regional Interagency Commission to Address Drug Use, Alcoholism and AIDS.